The marine infrastructural development, which includes offshore structures, seaports, subsea structures, and telecom structures, is indispensable in modern times. The conventional steel-reinforced concrete structures in marine environments generally need frequent maintenance due to steel corrosion, which negatively affects the engineering structures from the standpoint of economy. High consumption of concrete poses a heavy burden on natural resources, i.e., fresh drinking water and river sand. Nevertheless, the availability of these resources is also immensely challenging in the case of coastal and marine infrastructure.

In such situations, seawater and sea sand concrete (SWSSC) is recommended as a substitute for the conventional concrete prepared using river sand and freshwater. However, the composition of SWSSC is not compatible when traditional steel rebars are incorporated due to the problem of corrosion. Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) rebars are widely used alternatives to steel reinforcement in prestressed concrete, anchors, off-shore structures, repairs, and structural rehabilitation, owing to their lightweight nature, high strength, and better resistance against corrosion. FRP-SWSSC integrates the advantages of corrosion-resistant FRP bars in the marine environment and the direct utilization of seawater and sea sand, making it a viable construction material from the viewpoint of economy and sustainability. Among the different types of FRPs available, GFRP is commonly and widely used, primarily due to its cost-effectiveness. On the contrary, moist concrete and SWSSC are considered hostile environments for the degradation of both matrix and glass fibers, due to the presence of moisture in high pH environments.